Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 132
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 294
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 168
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 237
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 317
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 358
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 282
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 294
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 304
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 314
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 315
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 316
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 317
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 375
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 110
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/application/controllers/Home.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct
File: /home2/litostupdate/public_html/dynamic/salfaa/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Energy Smart Agriculture
Energy is needed in all steps along the agrifood chain: in the production of crops, fish, livestock and forestry products; in post-harvest operations; in food storage and processing; in food transport and distribution; and in food preparation. Direct energy includes electricity, mechanical power,...
Posted by Malovi Antony onCommon Facility Centre: A rallying point for SHG-FPO convergence
There is much to gain for FPOs if they converge with local SHGs. Nothing is more amenable for SHGs than delegating the responsibility of building and operating CFCs on behalf of FPOs.
While farmer producer organisations (FPOs) are gaining momentum in all fronts related to value chain development endeavours of their focused commodities, self-help groups (SHGs) are reaching the next orbit of livelihoods development programs through cluster-based approach.
But these two important developmental initiatives are taking place in isolation like two alien entities in the rural socio-economic eco-system.
The binary approach is mostly because of the watertight operations of two-line departments monitoring the two different important development activities:
• Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD)-National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) operating through respective state Rural Livelihood Mission (SRLMs) for SHGs
• Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare (MoA & FW)-Small Farmers’ Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC) and National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) for FPOs
• Ch Radhika Rani is an associate professor and head, Centre for Agrarian Studies, National Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj (NIRDPR), Hyderabad
• R Divakar is Lead Technical, FPO, Centre for Agrarian Studies, National Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj (NIRDPR), Hyderabad